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Literacy Instruction in Fifth Grade
The concept, The Simple View of Reading, describes reading comprehension as the product of two key skills: decoding (identifying words on a page) and language comprehension (understanding the meaning of those words). In fifth grade, students focus on both parts of the reading equation but put emphasis on the language comprehension factor. Click on the arrows below for more detail.
Background Knowledge
Background knowledge is crucial for understanding new concepts. It allows readers to comprehend what they read, especially those still learning to decode words instead of recognizing them quickly. Familiarity with various topics helps readers make connections and enhances their overall knowledge.
Vocabulary
A strong vocabulary helps readers understand texts better. When students have good listening and speaking vocabularies, they can read unfamiliar words more easily. If they can connect new words with ones they already know, it boosts their confidence and makes reading less effortful.
Language Structures
Syntax - This refers to how words are organized in sentences. English has specific rules for word order, but there is also room for variation. Speakers and writers can sometimes bend these rules.
Semantics - This is the study of meaning in language, including morphemes, words, phrases, and sentences. Understanding the meaning of text is crucial for reading comprehension.
Verbal Reasoning
Inference - a conclusion one can draw from known facts or evidence.
Metaphor - a word or phrase used to say that something is another thing in order to suggest that they are similar.
Literary Knowledge
Print Concepts - letters vs. words, 1:1 correspondence, reading left-to-right and top-to-bottom, spaces between written words, letter order matters, etc.
Genres of Literature - different types of books or stories defined by special characteristics.
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